문장의 종류 (단문, 복문, 중문, 중복문)

문장의 종류 (단문, 복문, 중문, 중복문)

 

 

 

1. simple sentence = 단문
: a sentence consisting of a single main clause
문장 내에 주어 하나, 동사 하나입니다

 

주어 + 완전 자동사
주어 + 불완전 자동사 + 보어
주어 + 완전 타동사 + 목적어
주어 + 수여동사 + 간접 목적어 + 직접 목적어
주어 + 불완전 타동사 + 목적어 + 목적격보어

 

위와 같은 형식을 갖추면서
주어와 동사가 하나뿐인 문장입니다.

 

ex) I go to bed early.
ex) When did you become a Christian?
ex) He makes a good living
ex) She gave us a song.
ex) We want them to have jobs

 

 

 

2. complex sentence = 복문
: a sentence containing at least one main clause and one subordinate clause
주절과 종속절 (접속사가 이끄는 명사절, 형용사절, 부사절이 주어, 목적어, 보어의 역할을 합니다) 의 구조를 가지고 있습니다.

 

 

1) 명사절을 만드는 접속사
: that, whether, if, what ...

 

 

ex) I heard / that Bob was flunked out
ex) Please let me know soon / whether it is yes or no
ex) Please let us know if you are unable to attend.
ex) He is very choosy about / what he eats

 

 

2) 형용사절을 만드는 접속사
: 관계 대명사 (who, which, that), 관계부사 (when, where, how, why)

 

 

ex) The percentage for children (who visited a dentist) / was higher.
ex) That is the time (when apples taste most delicious).

 

 

3) 부사절을 만드는 접속사

 

 

시간 : before, after, as soon as, since, as, when, while, the moment ....
이유 : because, since, as, for, now that, on the ground that
양보 : though, although, even though, even if, ...
조건 : if, unless, in case, provided, once ....
목적 : so that, in order that, lest
양태 : as if, as though

 

ex) 시간 : When I was alone, / I liked to paint
ex) 이유 : You can't leave simply / because you are busy.
ex) 양보 : He is quite strong / although he is old.
ex) 조건 : If she claims her story is true, just let it be so.
ex) 목적 : Please bring him forward / so that we can have a closer look.
ex) 양태 : The company ruled of the citizen / as if they were employees

 

 

3. compound sentence = 중문
: a sentence containing at least two coordinate clauses

 절 + 절이 등위 접속사로 이어진 문장입니다

 

 

[참고] 등위 접속사
: and, but, or ....

 

ex) The sleeve is torn, / and I just bought the shirt.
ex) You are either insane / or you are not insane.
ex) It's true she's pretty, / but she isn't very sophisticated.

 

 

 

4. compound-complex sentence = 중복문
:: a sentence with at least two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses (also known as subordinate clauses).
적어도 두 개의 주절과 한 개 이상의 종속절로 이루어진 구조입니다.

 

 

ex) The dog lived in the garden, / but the cat, (who knew the dog was superior), lived inside the house

 

 

[summary]

 

 

simple sentence : S + V, 주어 동사 하나
complex sentence : 종속접속사 사용
sompound sentence : 등위 접속사 사용
compound-complex sentence : 세미콜론 (semicolon, ;) 사용

 

 

Enjoy your learning !